基于个体识别的大数据运用法律规制研究

Research on Legal Regulation to Apply Big Data to Identify Individual

在大数据时代,通过海量数据的分析挖掘可以从碎片化信息中准确地识别出背后的个人。这种基于个体识别的大数据运用具有重要的社会经济价值,同时也可能给公民个人带来个人信息权甚至财产人身上的损害。新的技术作为一把双刃剑,需要新的法律制度的约束方可促进社会经济健康发展。因此,在个人信息的收集与挖掘问题上,应该构建数据收集和信息挖掘最小限制制度,科学合理的“告知—同意”制度,国家、行业协会、数据收集者和信息挖掘者三级监管体系,同时在制定明确的大数据个体识别规则基础上,完善法律责任体系,对运用大数据进行个体识别行为进行全面法律规制。

In the age of big data,the analysis and mining of massive data can accurately identify the individu⁃als behind the fragmented information.This application of big data based on individual identification has important so⁃cial and economic value,and may also bring damage to citizens’right to personal information and even property.As a double-edged sword,new technology needs new legal system to promote the healthy development of social economy.Therefore on personal information collection and mining issues,should build the system of data collection and informa⁃tion mining minimum limit,scientific and reasonable“told to-agree to”system,three-grade regulatory system of coun⁃try,industry associations’data collector and digger,and at the same time setting clear rules on the basis of large data of individual recognition,perfect the legal liability system,to use big data to conduct a comprehensive legal regula⁃tion is used to identify the individual behavior.