长江经济带城市雾霾污染的周末效应及假期效应研究

Study on weekend and holiday effects of urban haze pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

以长江经济带124个城市为研究对象,基于2015年—2018年长江经济带城市PM2.5浓度数据,对长江经济带城市雾霾污染“周末效应”进行了研究.结果表明:长江经济带城市雾霾污染除了2016年表现为负周末效应外,2015年、2017年、2018年均呈现较为明显的周末均值高于工作日均值的正周末效应.同时,区域内部“周末效应”差异性较大.长江上游地区雾霾浓度较低,表现为负周末效应.长江中下游地区雾霾浓度高,表现为正周末效应,且雾霾污染的季节性明显,春、冬两季浓度高,具有明显的正周末效应;同时,长江经济带具有高于全年平均浓度的“春节假日效应”与低于全年平均浓度的“国庆假日效应”.分析结果还表明,距离长江经济带主要发达城市越近,雾霾浓度越高.针对长江经济带雾霾污染周末效应,基于生态文明治理视角,提出加快区域协同治理、打造长效治理机制以及在统筹治理下重点防治、因地制宜与因时制宜的治理建议.

Based on the PM2.5 concentration data of 124 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2015 to 2018,the“weekend effect”of haze pollution in cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was studied.The results show that,in addition to the negative weekend effect in 2016,the average weekend effect in 2015,2017 and 2018 is higher than the average weekday.At the same time,the“weekend effect”within the region varies greatly.The haze concentration in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is low,which is manifested as negative weekend effect.The high concentration of haze in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River shows the positive weekend effect,and the haze pollution has obvious seasonal characteristics.At the same time,the Yangtze River Economic Belt has the“Spring Festival holiday effect”which is higher than the annual average concentration and the“National Day holiday effect”which is lower than the annual average concentration.The analysis results also show that the closer to the major developed cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,the higher the haze concentration.Aiming at the weekend effect of haze pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,based on the perspective of ecological civilization governance,this paper proposes to accelerate regional collaborative governance,build a long-term governance mechanism,and focus on prevention and control under the overall governance,so as to carry out ecological governance and optimize the“weekend effect”of urban haze pollution.