“辨体”新阐与《词论》重衡

The New Interpretation of Form-distinguishing and The Study of Song Poems

作为两宋之际词学批评的重要文本,李清照的《词论》具有强烈的“辨体”意识,它专门梳理了一条词学的线索,将词抉出,自立为一体进行叙述和批评,这种“辨体”与以往在本存高下尊卑的成见基础上做出所谓“尊体”努力的批评立场显然不同,它更具独立精神和文体意识的自觉,其“别是一家”所主张的不仅是未经改造过的“本色”,更是词家建立在对词体词性等均“识”之、“能之”基础上的“自立”。《词论》既对“本色”的词学秩序予以维护和坚持,也对苏轼对于柳永范式的否定进行了“再否定”,同时还对“花间传统”重新评定并加以承衍。此后,南宋词学思想发展过程中“正”“变”二式超越于简单对立关系形态,从理论上来说也渊源于斯。

As the most special works of the theories and thoughts in The Study of Song Poems,LI Qing-zhao’s The Study of Song Poems has always stressed that the importance of form-distinguishing,it has carding a clear context of Song poems,and insist that poem is a independent form of literature.Different from the previous statement,The Study of Song Poems maintains the order of“naturality”theory,and denied SU Shi’s statement about he criticism LIU Yong style,at the same time,LI Qing-zhao has reappraise and inherit the aesthetic style of Within Flowers in The Study of Song Poems.After all,it has decided the development on Southern Song Dynasty poetic criticism of the orthodox school and variation.