近30年吐鲁番盆地地下水动态特征及影响因素分析

Analysis of groundwater dynamic characteristics and influencing factors in Turpan basin in recent 30 years

本文利用吐鲁番盆地1987-2017年降水数据,分析了近30年该地区降水年内、年际变化特征,并对降水的趋势性进行了分析。对吐鲁番盆地1988-2016年地下水位埋深数据进行了年内、年际变化特征分析,并运用克里金插值法进行空间插值,得出地下水位埋深分布及变幅。利用pearson相关分析方法分析了影响吐鲁番盆地地下水水位动态的因素。分析结果显示:近30年吐鲁番盆地多年平均降水量为16.5 mm,降水主要集中在6-8月(夏季),夏季降水总量占全年降水的50%以上;降水的年际变化没有明显的趋势性。地下水位埋深在空间上由南向北逐渐增大,南盆地地下水位埋深0~50 m,北盆地埋深在50 m以上。不同地貌区年内地下水位埋深变化呈现出不同形态,整个盆地范围内地下水位埋深逐年增大,近30年吐鲁番盆地地下水位埋深增加了5.5 m。降水和潜水蒸发与地下水位埋深不存在相关性,开采量是影响吐鲁番盆地地下水位埋深的主要因素。

Based on the precipitation data from 1987 to 2017 in the Turpan Basin,this paper analyzes the characteristics of precipitation and interannual variation in the past 30 years,and analyzes the trend of precipitation.The intra-annual and inter-annual variation characteristics of the groundwater depth data from 1988 to 2016 in the Turpan Basin are analyzed,and the Kriging interpolation method is used for spatial interpolation to obtain the groundwater depth distribution and variable amplitude.The factors affecting the groundwater level dynamics in the Turpan Basin are analyzed using pearson correlation analysis..The results show that the average annual precipitation in the Turpan Basin is 16.5 mm in the past 30 years,and the precipitation is mainly concentrated in the period from June to August(summer).The total precipitation in summer accounts for more than 50%of the annual precipitation;there is no obvious trend in the interannual variation of precipitation.The groundwater depth increases gradually from south to north in the space.The groundwater depth in the southern basin is 0-50 m,and the buried depth in the northern basin is above 50 m.The variation of groundwater depth in different geomorphological areas shows different forms during the year.The depth of groundwater in the basin is increasing year by year.The depth of groundwater in the Turpan Basin has increased by 5.5m in the past 30 years.There is no correlation between precipitation and phreatic evaporation and groundwater depth,and the groundwater exploitation quantity is the main factor affecting the groundwater depth in the Turpan Basin.