医疗人工智能应用中的伦理问题及应对

Ethical Issues and Countermeasures in the Application of Medical Artificial Intelligence

医疗人工智能已广泛应用于疾病筛查、辅助诊疗、医学影像、医疗机器人等领域,其在带来高效、精准、便捷服务的同时,也引发了一些伦理问题。在概述医疗人工智能应用的基础上,从数据泄露、医疗安全、责任界定、公平受益、医务人员的未来定位、患者信任等方面分析了医疗人工智能应用中的伦理问题及形成原因,并尝试提出了应对建议,包括遵循伦理原则,细化伦理规范;制定法律法规,厘清责任权属;严格技术标准,确保医疗安全;加强数据管理,保护患者隐私;坚持医为主体,注重人文关怀;加强宣传教育,提升患者信任等,以促进医疗人工智能健康发展。

Medical artificial intelligence(AI)has been widely used in disease screening,auxiliary diagnosis and treatment,medical imaging,medical robots and other fields.Although with its efficient,accurate and convenient services,it also triggers some ethical problems.Based on an overview of the medical AI applications,this paper analyzes the ethical problems and causes from the aspects of data leakage,medical safety,responsibility partition,fair benefit,future positioning of medical staff and patient trust,etc.To promote the healthy development of medical AI,some suggestions are put forward,including abiding by ethical principles,refining ethical norms,formulating laws and regulations to clarify the responsibility partition,keeping strict technical standards to ensure medical safety,strengthening data management to protect patient privacy,adhering to the medical treatment as the main body,attaching importance to humanistic care,and strengthening publicity and education to enhance patient trust,etc.