大型原油储罐的沉降观测及结果评价

Settlement Observation and Result Evaluation of Large Crude Oil Storage Tanks

沉降观测是大型原油储罐主要检测内容之一。国内相关标准中介绍了大型原油储罐的沉降观测方法,但在沉降观测结果评价方面仍不完善。简述了常压储罐的沉降类型,详述了API 653-2014《Tank Inspection,Repair,Alteration and Reconstruction》中的储罐沉降观测结果评价方法。以某10万m^3大型原油储罐为例进行沉降观测,沉降观测结果显示,储罐对称观测点高程差绝对值最大为60 mm,在API 653-2014规定的倾斜沉降差许可值240 mm范围之内;而储罐相邻观测点高程差绝对值最大为29 mm,超出了API 653-2014规定的不均匀沉降差许可值12 mm的范围,需要绘制沉降曲线。由沉降曲线得到沉降观测点的相对竖向变形量最大为15.1 mm,满足API 653-2014中储罐基础不均匀沉降量的计算公式要求。10万m^3大型原油储罐的倾斜沉降和不均匀沉降均符合储罐正常运行的最低可靠性要求,可以继续使用。

Settlement observation is one of the main detection contents of large crude oil storage tanks. The methods of settlement observation for large crude oil storage tanks were described in relevant domestic standards however the evaluation of settlement observation results was still not incomplete. The settlement type of the storage tank was briefly described and the evaluation method of the settlement observation results in API 653-2014"Tank Inspection,Repair,Alteration and Reconstruction" were detailed. Taking a large crude oil storage tank of 100 000 m^3 as an example,the settlement observation results show that the absolute value of the elevation difference of the symmetrical observation points of the storage tank is 60 mm at most,which is within the allowable value of inclined settlement difference of 240 mm specified by API 653-2014.The absolute value of the elevation difference of the adjacent observation points of the storage tank is 29 mm at most,which is beyond 12 mm specified by API 653-2014. The settlement curve was drawn and the maximum vertical deformation of the settlement observation points obtained from the settlement curve is 15.1 mm, which meets the calculation formula requirements of the uneven settlement of the storage tank foundation in API 653-2014. The inclined settlement and uneven settlement of 100 000 m^3 crude oil storage tanks meet the minimum reliability requirements of normal operation.