新型冠状病毒肺炎患者660例临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of 660 patients with COVID⁃19

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者的临床及实验室特征、观察其治疗及预后转归情况。方法纳入660例确诊为COVID-19患者,对基本资料、临床表现、实验室检查结果、治疗及转归进行统计学分析。结果 COVID-19患者多为中老年人,轻型及普通型以女性多见,危重型以男性多见,部分患者患高血压、冠心病、糖尿病等慢性病史,主要临床症状为发热(79%),咳嗽(65%),呼吸困难(39%),乏力(36%),肌肉酸痛(23%),头痛(6%)等。其实验室结果以白细胞升高、淋巴细胞降低、粒淋比升高、炎症指标升高为主,同时伴不同程度的肝肾功能受损,心肌酶学不同程度升高。经积极抗病毒、抗感染、激素、丙球、免疫支持及呼吸支持治疗后,578例(88%)患者治愈出院。结论中老年人,患有高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、COPD等基础疾病的患者是新型冠状病毒性肺炎的高危人群,COVID-19重型和危重型患者病毒感染及炎症反应更重,预后更差。

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical presentation,laboratory results,therapeutic methods and prognostic outcomes of SARS⁃CoV⁃2 pneumonia(COVID⁃19).Methods A total of 660 cases of newly diagnosed COVID⁃19 were collected,and the basic information,clinical manifestations,laboratory test results,treatment and outcome were statistically analyzed.Results Most COVID⁃19 patients were middle⁃aged and elderly,while mild and moderate types were more common in women and severe and critical cases were more common in men.Some patients had chronic history of hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes,etc.The main clinical symptoms were fever(79%),cough(65%),difficulty breathing(39%),fatigue(36%),muscle aches(23%),headache(6%),etc.The laboratory results mainly included increase of leukocytes,decrease of lymphocytes,increase of granulocyte⁃to⁃lymph ratio,and increase of inflammation indicators,which accompa⁃nied by different degrees of liver and kidney function impairment,and myocardial enzymes increase to varying degrees.After active anti⁃viral,anti⁃infection,hormone,globulin,and respiratory support treatment,578 patients(88%)were cured.Conclusion The middle⁃aged and elderly people,patients with underlying diseases such as hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes,and COPD were high⁃risk populations of COVID⁃19.COVID⁃19 severe type and critically ill patients had more severe viral infections,inflammatory reactions and worse prognosis.