煤炭资源型城市生态脆弱性研究进展

Ecological Vulnerability of Mining Resource-based Cities:A Review

随着煤炭资源的大量开采,煤炭资源型城市发展面临严重生态环境问题,其生态脆弱性研究为城市可持续发展、生态文明建设和区域协调发展提供了新思路。当前,煤炭资源型城市生态脆弱性是生态脆弱性历史遗留问题与城市自然状况、社会活动和经济发展扰动共同作用的结果。通过对煤炭资源型城市生态脆弱性内涵、评价方法、规避措施等方面研究的综述,分析了煤炭资源型城市生态脆弱性研究领域的发展状况和评价方法以及不同视角下规避措施的差异,对生态脆弱性内涵不确定性、评价指标复杂性和研究方法适用性等问题进行探讨。总体认为,煤炭资源型城市生态脆弱性是城市自身结构具有的固有属性,是一个对比性概念;选取评价指标和方法时应注重城市发展等相关指标及生态脆弱程度的测算。未来研究应重点关注煤炭资源型城市生态脆弱性内涵界定、评价指标和方法的完善以及研究时空范围的扩展等方向。

With the large-scale exploitation of coal resources,the development of coal resource-based cities is facing serious ecological environment problems.The study of ecological vulnerability provides new ideas for sustainable urban development,ecological civilization construction and regional coordinated development.At present,the ecological vulnerability of coal resource-based cities is resulted from the combined effects of urban historical problems,natural conditions,social activities,and economic development.Based on the review of the ecological vulnerability connotation,evaluation methods,and avoid measures of coal resource-based cities,the development status,evaluation methods,and differences of avoid measures were analyzed from different perspectives on the ecological vulnerability of coal resource-based cities.Some issues,e.g.,the uncertainty of vulnerability connotations,the complexity of evaluation indicators,and the applicability of research methods,were discussed.In general,the ecological vulnerability of coal-resource-based cities is an inherent property of the city′s own structure and it is a comparative concept;evaluation indicators and methods should be selected with more emphasis on the related indicators of urban development and the measurement of ecological vulnerability.Future research should be focused on the definition of the ecological vulnerability,the improvement of evaluation indicators and methods,and the expansion of spatiotemporal scope of coal resource-based cities.