宅基地退出:实践创新、现实困境与路径选择

Rural Residential Land Exit:Practical Innovation,Realistic Dilemma and Path Choice

在宅基地使用权转让受到严格限制的情况下,宅基地退出是实现宅基地高效利用的有效措施。宅基地退出范围扩大、退出渠道多样和补偿多元是宅基地退出制度创新的集中表现,集体土地处分权能伸张、集体经营性建设用地入市等相关改革推进和满足农户差异化需求是宅基地退出实践创新的根本动因。宅基地退出实践探索中面临合理性质疑、冲击现行制度、补偿不到位等问题。应根据社会经济发展形势变化,通过拓展退出范围、拓宽退出渠道、完善补偿标准,建立更加完善的宅基地退出制度。

Under the condition that the transfer of use right of the rural residential land is strictly restricted,the rural residential land exit is an effective measure to implement the efficient utilization of the rural residential land.The expansion of the scope of the rural residential land exit,the diversity of exit channels and the diversity of compensation are the concentrated performance of the innovation of the rural residential land exit system.The fundamental motive for the practical innovation of the rural residential land exit is to promote and meet the differentiated requirements of peasants through the relevant reforms such as the extension of the power of collective land disposal,and the marketization of profitable collective constructive land.There are many problems in the practice and exploration of the rural residential land exit,such as doubt of the rationality,impact on the current system and inadequate compensation.According to the changes of social and economic development,we should expand the scope of exit,broaden the channels of exit,and improve the compensation standards,in order to establish a more complete system of the rural residential land exit.