环境设计概念的生态维度新理解——基于吉布森可供性理论的思考

New Understanding of Environmental Design Concept from Ecological Dimension——Based on Gibson's Affordance Theory

可供性理论是吉布森提出的具有开创性的生态学思想,他从微观的心理机制上解决人与环境的生态一体性,从知觉层面构建人与环境的具身互动关系。围绕人和环境展开的环境设计应从根本上吸收吉布森的生态学思想,基于可供性的环境设计是预见人—环境生态关系的展开机制,是在环境中预设适宜的自然可供性和社会可供性。对环境设计生态本质属性的理解要从人的自然本性出发,将人的自然行为和自然情感作为设计的根本性目的,明确生态设计的目的是通过身体层面的联系回归人的正确生态位置。

Affordance theory is a groundbreaking ecological thought put forward by Gibson,who solved the ecological unity of human beings and the environment from the micro-psychological mechanism,and constructed the embodied interaction between human beings and the environment at the perceptual level.Environmental design around human beings and the environment should fundamentally absorb Gibson's ecological thought,and the environmental design based on affordance is an expanding mechanism to predict the human-environment ecological relationship,which presupposes appropriate natural and social affordance in the environment.The understanding of the ecological nature of environmental design should start from human beings'naturalness,taking human's natural behaviors and natural emotions as the fundamental purpose of design.It is clear that the purpose of ecological design is to return to the correct ecological position of people at the body level.