政策网络视角下城市基层社区治理的结构性困境——基于上海市A街道微更新的实证研究

The Structural Dilemma of Urban Grassroots Community Governance from the Perspective of Policy Network——An Empirical Research Based on Micro-renewal of Shanghai A Street Office

为探究政策过程中城市基层社区治理结构性困境成因、提出社区治理效能提升路径,应用政策网络作为分析工具,对上海市A街道两个微更新项目进行过程—实践分析。通过采用配对比较法、半结构访谈、参与式观察等方法,发现城市基层社区治理的结构性困境在于政府“求稳”惯性、社会组织发展受限及支持性政策缺位。实证研究表明:政策网络视角下提升社区治理效能,应当依托枢纽型社会组织改善议题网络内部环境及外部结构,建立专业网络、生产者网络和议题网络三者间动态关系,同时促进专业网络对政策社群网络施加影响,推动社区治理项目支持性政策的协商与落实。

In order to explore the causes of the structural dilemma of urban grassroots community governance in the policy process and propose ways to improve the effectiveness of community governance,this paper uses policy networks as an analytical tool to conduct a process-practical analysis of two micro-renewal projects in Shanghai A street office.By methods of paired comparison,semi-structured interview and participatory observation,we find that the structural dilemma of urban grassroots community governance is closely related to the stability inertia of the government,the limited development of social organizations,and the absence of supportive policies.The empirical research shows that to improve the effectiveness of community governance from the perspective of policy networks,we should rely on pivotal social organizations to improve the internal environment and external structure of issue network,and establish a dynamic relationship among professional network,producer network,and issue network.Meantime,we should use the influence of professional network exerted on policy community to promote the negotiation and implementation of the supportive policies.