农村空置小学改建社区养老服务中心路径新探——基于中国台湾地区社区活化经验的启示

A New Exploration to Transform Rural Vacant Primary Schools into Community Service Centers for the Aged:Inspiration from the Community Activation Experience of China Taiwan District

统计资料显示,中国大陆农村社区正面临大量小学校舍资源闲置和公共养老服务空间匮乏的矛盾。善用闲置校舍资源,满足农村老年人的养老服务需求,同时又能够对空置的校舍进行保护性开发,是一个双重乃至多重获益的整合。中国台湾地区二十多年来的社区营造经验为解决这一对矛盾提供了很好的启示。将空置小学改建成社区养老服务中心是一个“资产为本”的社区活化过程,需要以人为中心、内在取向和聚焦社区关系构建;需要强调软件而不是硬件,使得空间开放化、复合化、艺术化和育人化;还需要强化社区教育、文化保育、社区组织培育以及社区意识、社区认同和社区感的培养,以促进政府与民间上下互动,实现基层培力和政策协力。

Statistics show that rural communities in China's Mainland are faced with the contradiction between a large number of unused primary school buildings and a lack of public service space for the elderly.To make good use of the resources to meet the requirement of elderly care service while protectively developing idle school buildings will be a mutual and even multiple beneficial integration.The experiences of community building in Taiwan region over the past 20 years provide a good enlightenment for solving this contradiction.The conversion of a vacant primary school into a community elderly service center is an"asset-based"process of community activation.It needs to be human-centered,intrinsically oriented and focused on relationship-building.More emphasis should be laid on software rather than hardware,making the space open,complex,artistic and educational.And community education,cultural conservation,community organization cultivation,community awareness,community identity and community sense should be strengthened.More importantly,we need the interaction between the government and the people to promote grassroots efforts and policy cooperation.