胞外聚合物(EPS)的检测及受金属离子胁迫作用的研究进展

Research progress in detection and metal ion stress of extracellular polymer substances(EPS)

胞外聚合物(EPS)是细胞外由微生物分泌的一种三维空间的大分子聚合物,其在污水生物处理系统中具有重要的作用.胞外聚合物具有一定吸附性能,使其在污水净化、环境治理方面有一定优势,既能吸附有机混合物,又能吸附无机金属离子,有很好的解毒作用.生物膜中一些金属离子的存在会对胞外聚合物产生相关影响,如Cu2+、Pb2+、Ni2+、Al3+等.对于胞外聚合物的提取,有高速离心法、加热法、EDTA法、NaOH法、超声法、CER法等,不同提取方法会对胞外聚合物的组分产生较大的影响.文章从胞外聚合物的性能、金属离子对胞外聚合物的影响、胞外聚合物的提取方法以及变化特征等方面阐述EPS的研究进展.

Extracellular polymer(EPS)is a kind of three-dimensional macromolecular polymer secreted by microorganisms outside the cell,which plays an important role in biological sewage treatment system.Because the extracellular polymer has certain adsorption properties,it has certain advantages in sewage purification and environmental management.Not only does it adsorb organic compounds,but also adsorbs inorganic metal ions,and it has a good detoxification.The presence of some metal ions in the biofilm will have related effects on extracellular polymers,such as Cu2+,Pb2+,Ni2+,Al3+,etc.There are some ways to extract extracellular polymers,such as high speed centrifugation,heating method,EDTA method,NaOH method,ultrasonic method,CER method,etc.Different extraction methods have great influence on the components of extracellular polymers.In this paper,the research progress of EPS is described from the aspects of the properties of extracellular polymers,the influence of metal ions on extracellular polymers,the extraction methods of extracellular polymers and the variation characteristics.