北京市朝阳区高碑店地区产后抑郁状况调查及影响因素分析

Investigation of postpartum depression and analysis of its influencing factors in Gaobeidian area,Chaoyang District,Beijing

①目的了解高碑店地区产妇产后抑郁状况的发生率及危险因素,为今后有针对性地开展育龄期妇女健康教育、采取早期心理干预措施提供依据。②方法选取居住在高碑店地区2018年3~4月分娩的产妇185例,其中北京户籍98例,外地户籍87例。对其进行问卷调查,根据爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评分,使用卡方检验分析不同户籍属性产妇产后抑郁状况发生率的差异;采用卡方检验和Logistic回归分析分别进行单因素和多因素分析其发生产后抑郁的影响因素。③结果高碑店地区185例产妇中,49例发生产后抑郁,发生率为26.5%。北京户籍产妇产后抑郁状况发生率25.5%,外地户籍产妇产后抑郁状况发生率27.6%,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.102,P>0.05)。高碑店地区产妇产后抑郁状况的影响因素有:丈夫文化程度,妊娠并发症,新生儿疾患,孩子经济支出是否给家庭生活造成负担,参加孕妇学校或观看VCD、录像、手册,孕妇期盼孩子性别。④结论产妇产后抑郁状况的发生率较高,应受到社会与医务人员的重视,建立强大的社会支持体系,广泛开展社区孕妇学校,采取个性化早期心理干预,降低产后抑郁状况的发生率。

Objective:To investigate the incidence and risk factors of postpartum depression in Gaobeidian area.It will provide a basis for carrying out health education and early psychological intervention measures for women of reproductive age in the future.Methods We used the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale(EPDS)to tested 185 parturients who delivered from March to April,2018,lived in Gaobeidian area.Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in the incidence of postpartum depression with different living environment and identity.Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analysis the influencing factors of postpartum depression in Gaobeidian area.Results A total of 185 parturients,postpartum depression in 49 people.The incidence of postpartum depression was 26.5%in Gaobeidian area.The postpartum depression incidence of local parturients was 25.5%,the postpartum depression incidence of the other province parturients was 27.6%,The differences of the ratio among four groups didn’t have statistically significant(χ2=0.102,P>0.05).The influencing factors of postpartum depression were husband's education,pregnancy complications,newborns’disease,whether or not the financial expense of the child burden the family life,attend maternity school or watch VCDS,videos,manuals,pregnant women expect baby’s sex.Conclusion It should be payed attention to that the incidence of postpartum depression is relatively high.We should develop strong social support system,hold community maternity schools widely,ues personalized early psychological intervention,to reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.