腹膜透析患者自我护理能力现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of Current Status and Influencing Factors of Self-care Ability of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

目的分析腹膜透析患者自我护理能力现状及其影响因素。方法选取2018年4月~2019年4月在我院进行腹膜透析治疗的60例患者为研究对象,收集患者一般资料,并使用自我管理能力量表、自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表、腹膜透析行为依从量表评估自我护理能力、自我效能感、社会支持、腹膜透析依从(自我护理能力、自我效能感、社会支持、腹膜透析行为依从)情况。结果腹膜透析患者的自我护理能力评分为(56.71±11.89)分、自我效能感评分为(6.18±2.23)分、社会支持评分为(29.41±10.07)分、腹膜透析行为依从评分中合理饮食(23.12±1.21)分、坚持透析治疗(22.80±0.60)分、情绪稳定(21.90±1.32)分、遵医嘱(20.55±0.41)分;不同年龄、性别、原发病腹膜透析患者自我护理能力得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同文化程度、透析龄、临床行为依从性患者我护理能力得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腹膜透析患者自我护理能力与透析龄、文化程度、腹膜透析行为依从呈正相关(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,透析龄、自我效能、文化程度、腹膜透析行为依从性对腹膜透析患者自我护理能力有影响。结论临床护理人员应重视透析早、文化程度低、自我效能和腹膜透析行为依从不足患者的干预,通过针对性护理,以促进患者自我护理能力的提高。

Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of self-care ability of peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods A total of 60 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis treatment in our hospital from April 2018 to April 2019 were selected as the research object.The general data of patients were collected,and the self-management scale,self-efficacy scale,and social support assessment scale were used,peritoneal dialysis behavior compliance scale to assess self-care ability,self-efficacy,social support,and peritoneal dialysis compliance(self-care ability,self-efficacy,social support,peritoneal dialysis behavior compliance).Results Peritoneal dialysis patients'self-care ability score was(56.71±11.89)points,self-efficacy score was(6.18±2.23)points,social support score was(29.41±10.07)points,and peritoneal dialysis behavior compliance score was reasonable diet(23.12±1.21)points,adherence to dialysis treatment(22.80±0.60)points,emotional stability(21.90±1.32)points,medical advice(20.55±0.41)points;There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of self-care ability among patients of different ages,genders,and primary peritoneal dialysis patients(P>0.05),comparing the nursing ability scores of patients with different educational level,age of dialysis and clinical behavior compliance,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);peritoneal dialysis patients’self-care ability was positively correlated with age of dialysis,education level,and compliance of peritoneal dialysis behavior(P<0.05);Logistic regression analysis showed that age of dialysis,self-efficacy,education,and compliance of peritoneal dialysis behavior had an effect on the self-care ability of peritoneal dialysis patients.Conclusion Clinical nursing staff should pay attention to the intervention of patients with early dialysis,low education level,self-efficacy and insufficient compliance with peritoneal dialysis behavior,and promote the improvement of patients'self-care ability through targeted nursing.