小半径国省干道公路短隧道驾驶人视觉特性研究

Study on Driver’s Visual Characteristics in Short Tunnel of National and Provincial Trunk Roads with Small Radius

为研究不同车型车辆在国省干道小半径公路隧道环境中的视觉特性,将隧道分为接近段、入口段、中间段、出口段,以及驶离段,选取10名驾驶人开展大货车、小客车对比试验.利用眼动仪记录驾驶人的注视时间、注视次数、扫视时间等眼动指标,并重构包括注视时间、注视次数、视力角的新型动视点计算模型并结合本实验计算,利用数理统计方法分析眼动指标的差异性.结果表明:各隧道路段平均注视时间指标有显著性差异,扫视时间、视力角指标无显著性差异;大货车、小客车之间左转的差异性显著,右转时无显著差异性,而在平均扫视时间、视力角指标无显著差异性.同时,新的动视点指标计算结果显示,驾驶人信息加工水平先增后减,在左转和右转之间、大货车与小客车之间存在一定差异.

In order to study the visual characteristics of different types of vehicles in the small radius highway tunnel environment of national and provincial trunk roads,the tunnel was divided into approaching section,entrance section,middle section,exit section and departure section,and 10 drivers were selected to carry out comparative tests of large trucks and small buses.The eye movement indexes such as gaze time,gaze times and glance time were recorded by eye tracker,and a new dynamic viewpoint calculation model including gaze time,gaze times and visual angle was reconstructed and calculated in combination with this experiment.The mathematical statistics was used to analyze the difference of eye movement index.The results show that there are significant differences in the average gaze time among different tunnel sections,but there are no significant differences in the glance time and visual angle.There is a significant difference in left turn between large trucks and small buses,but no significant difference in right turn and no significant difference in average scanning time and visual angle.Meanwhile,the calculation results of the new dynamic viewpoint index show that the driver’s information processing level first increases and then decrease There are certain differences between left turn and right turn,and between large trucks and small buses.