基于农民利益保障的旅游用地获取模式探讨——以广西灵川县为例

Analysis of Acquisition Mode of Tourism Land Based on Protecting Farmers’Interests--Taking Guangxi’s Lingchuan County as an Example

旅游产业的快速发展使得土地资源稀缺性与旅游产业全域性的矛盾日益突出,如何保障旅游产业发展中失地农民的长远利益正逐步得到社会关注。该文针对旅游用地取得过程中农民利益保障问题,以广西灵川县为例,对旅游企业、当地政府相关部门和旅游用地土地使用权人进行深度访谈和问卷调查。从调查及访谈结果来看,旅游企业对旅游用地的获取意愿更趋向于租用,更乐于以参与景区工作等方式抵偿土地使用权补偿。地方政府对旅游项目征地工作态度积极,但在征地过程中困难较多,土地使用权人对旅游用地供给的意愿更倾向于土地被租用而不是征收。在对调查结果进行归纳和分析的基础上,提出社会保障+现金补偿模式、股份或门票效益分享合作模式和林权租赁流转合作模式三种在未来旅游产业用地获取过程中保障农民权益最大化的理想模式。

The rapid development of tourism industry has made the conflict between the scarcity of land resources and the universality of tourism industry become more and more noticeable.How to the long-term interests of the farmers who lost their land during the development of tourism industry has gradually drawn attention from the society.In view of the issue of guaranteeing farmers’interests during the acquisition of tourism land,this paper,taking Guangxi’Lingchuan county as an example,makes depth interviews and questionnaire surveys among tourism enterprises,the local governmental agencies and the holders of the right of using tourism land.The results show that the tourism enterprises are inclined to acquire tourism land by leasing and prefer to compensate the right of using tourism land by employing farmers in the scenic areas;the local governments have a positive attitude to land?acquisition work,but they have to face many difficulties in this work;the holders of the right of using tourism land tends to have the tourism land being leased instead of being expropriated.On the basis of generalization and analysis of the investigation results,three ideal modes are proposed:mode of social security plus cash compensation,cooperation mode of distribution of shares or tickets proceeds and cooperation mode of transferring forest right by leasing,through which the farmers’interests can be protected to a highest extent in the future acquisition of tourism land.