乌鲁木齐城市低保户家庭儿童青少年饮食行为与超重肥胖的关系

Relationship between dietary behaviors and overweight and obesity of children and adolescents in urban low-income households in Urumqi

目的了解乌鲁木齐城市低保户家庭儿童青少年饮食行为与超重肥胖的关系,为乌鲁木齐城市低保户家庭儿童青少年身心健康发展提供参考依据。方法于2016年10—12月,采用方便抽样的方法在乌鲁木齐市4个区抽取1 804名城市低保户家庭儿童青少年进行身高、体重测量及问卷调查,了解其摄食频率、进食行为及含糖饮料摄入情况等,分析进食行为与超重肥胖之间的关系。结果乌鲁木齐城市低保户家庭儿童青少年超重肥胖率为37.69%。其中男生超重肥胖率为47.98%,女生为26.45%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同进食用碗大小、进食速度及含糖饮料摄入情况的儿童青少年超重肥胖率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,进食用碗比家长小[OR(95%CI):1.56(1.15~2.13)]、进食速度快[OR(95%CI):2.52(1.52~4.18)]及喝含糖饮料较多[OR(95%CI):2.87(1.76~4.38)]是影响乌鲁木齐城市低保户家庭儿童青少年超重肥胖的独立危险因素。结论乌鲁木齐城市低保户家庭儿童青少年吃饭使用的碗大小、进食速度、喝含糖饮料的量与超重肥胖之间存在密切联系,应有效控制城市低保户家庭儿童青少年进食速度,吃饭时使用的碗大小应与家长一样大,并控制含糖饮料的摄入。

Objective To understand the relationship between dietary behaviors and overweight and obesity of children and adolescents in low-income households in Urumqi,and provide reference basis for the healthy development of body and mind of children and adolescents in low-income households in Urumqi. Methods From October to December 2016,1 804 children and adolescents in urban low-income families were selected from 4 districts in Urumqi by a convenient sampling method to measure height,weight,and questionnaires to understand their feeding frequency,eating behavior,and sugary drinks intake,etc.,and the relationship between eating behavior and overweight and obesity were analyzed. Results The overweight and obesity rate of children and adolescents in Urumqi urban low-income families was 37.69%. Among them,boys was 47.98% and girls was 26.45%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in overweight and obesity rate among children and adolescents with different bowl size,eating speed and sugar beverage intake(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that eating bowls smaller than parents(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.15-2.13),eating faster(OR=2.52,95%CI:1.52-4.18) and drinking more sugary beverages(OR=2.87,95%CI:1.76-4.38) were independent risk factors for overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in urban households of Urumqi. Conclusion There is a close relationship between the size of bowls,the speed of eating,the amount of sugary drinks and the occurance of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from lowincome families in Urumqi. It is suggested to effectively control the feeding speed of children and adolescents in urban low-income families,and the size of the bowl should be the same as that of the parents,and the intake of sugary drinks should be controlled.