抗旱优良红砂家系的早期选择与评价

Early selection and evaluation of superior families with drought resistance in Reaumuria soongorica

本实验于武威市凉州区育苗建立试验地,分别在2014、2015、2016、2017、2018年7月,以红砂家系(2 a、3 a、4 a、5 a、6 a生红砂)叶片为试验材料,测定叶片中可溶性蛋白(SP)、可溶性糖(SS)、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)、叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)、总叶绿素(Chl a+b)、叶绿素a/b(Chl a/b)和叶绿素荧光等16个指标,连续5 a研究红砂家系抗旱性早期选择可行性及性状表现稳定性,选择和综合评价抗旱优良红砂家系。结果表明:可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸及叶绿素荧光相关指标在77个红砂家系间存在较大的差异,为抗旱优良红砂家系选择创造条件;通过5 a连续观察及测定,2 a、3 a、4 a生红砂家系综合排序逐年表现稳定,重合率逐渐增加至83. 33%,5 a、6 a生各层次红砂家系表现稳定,重合率大于83. 33%;经过综合分析筛选出小甘沟-3号(XGG-3)、巴彦浩特3-4号(BYHT-3)、乌达-1号(WD-1)、泉眼山-2号(QYS-2)、海石湾-1号(HSW-1)等5个优良抗旱家系,入选率为6. 49%。

This experiment was conducted in Liangzhou District of Wuwei City to establish experimental sites for seedling raising. The leaves of families of Reaumuria soongorica (i. e. 2 a,3 a,4 a,5 a,6 a-bearing Reaumuria soongorica) were used as experimental materials in July 2014,2015,2016,2017,and 2018 respectively. The indexes of soluble protein (SP),soluble sugar (SS),malondialdehyde (MDA),proline (Pro),chlorophyll a (Chl a),chlorophyll b (Chl b),total chlorophyll (Chl a + b),chlorophyll a/b (Chl a/b),and chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves were measured,and the feasibility of early selection for drought resistance and stability of character performance of each of the Reaumuria soongorica families were studied for five consecutive years. Reaumuria soongorica families with excellent drought resistance were selected and comprehensively evaluated. The results showed significant differences in SP,soluble sugar,proline,and chlorophyll fluorescence related indexes among the 77 tested Reaumuria soongorica families,which allowed the selection of Reaumuria soongorica families with good drought resistance. After five years of continuous observation and measurement,the ranking of 2 a,3 a,and 4 a Reaumuria soongorica families was found to be consistent irrespective of the year,with coincidence rates gradually increasing to 83. 33%. The coincidence rate of 5 a and 6 a Reaumuria soongorica families at all levels is stable,with coincidence rates being greater than 83. 33%. Following comprehensive analysis,the five most drought-resistant families were selected,including Xiaogangou-3 (XGG-3),Bayanhaote-3-4 (BYHT-3),Wuda-1 (WD-1),Quanyanshan-2 (QYS-2),and Haishiwan-1 (HSW-1),with a selection rate of 6. 49%.