乌海市沿黄河两岸沙丘风沙流结构差异与冰面风沙特征

Structure difference of wind sand flow and characteristics of wind sand on the ice surface of sand dunes on both sides of the Yellow River in Wuhai City

为了研究乌海市沿黄河两岸沙丘风沙流结构差异与冰面风沙特征,开展以黄河西岸-黄河冰面-黄河东岸为路径的风沙观测实验,通过对比分析黄河两岸沙丘风沙流结构、沙尘粒度特征,为黄河沙尘防控问题提供理论依据。研究表明:两岸沙丘总输沙率均随着高度增加而减小,东岸输沙率垂直拟合优度较西岸差,风沙流比西岸更容易达到非饱和状态。黄河冰面裂缝滞留沙尘粒径大于0. 19 mm,较小颗粒则输移到东岸,东岸沙丘受矿采区粉尘影响,极细砂粒(0. 05~0. 1 mm)含量增加,极细砂平均含量东岸<西岸,沙尘平均粒径东岸<西岸。沿黄河两岸沙丘与冰面沙尘的粒度参数峰度均为宽峰态,沙物质来源相似。

To study the difference of sand dune wind-sand flow structure along the Yellow River and characteristics of wind sand on the ice surface in Wuhai City wind-sand observation experiments were conducted on the west bank of the Yellow River,the Yellow River ice surface,and the east bank of the Yellow River,and contrast analysis of sand-sand flow structure and sand particle size characteristics was conducted on the banks of the Yellow River to provide a theoretical basis for solving the dust control of the Yellow River. The results indicated that the total sediment transport rate of sand dunes on both banks of the Yellow River decreased with height,although the goodnessof-fit of the east bank sediment transport rate and height were worse than the west bank,as it is easier to reach the unsaturated state on the east bank of the sand flow than the west bank. The grain size of the sand retained in the cracks on the ice surface of the Yellow River was larger than 0. 19 mm,and smaller particles were transported to the east bank. The content of the very fine sand,which was 0. 05-0. 1 mm,in the sand dunes on the east bank was affected by the dust in the mining area,the average content of the very fine sand in the east bank was less than that of the west bank,and the average particle size of the sand on the east bank was smaller than that on the west bank. The parameters of particles along the banks of the Yellow River and the surface of the ice showed broad peaks,and the source of the sand was found to be similar.