基于室内基础温度的上海居住建筑通风策略研究

Study on ventilation strategies for residential buildings in Shanghai based on indoor basic temperature

上海居住建筑换气次数的设定需要兼顾夏季散热和冬季保温,本文以室内基础温度作为评价指标开展适合上海气候特征的通风策略研究,得到以下结论:为实现满足舒适的前提下降低全年能耗,居住建筑换气次数宜采用0.3~0.5 h^-1,在春夏过渡季、夏秋过渡季和夏季则分别需要采取相应的通风策略。夏秋过渡季由于室内蓄热量更高,其通风需求比春夏过渡季更强,需要采用强化通风措施;当夏季夜间室外温度在舒适范围内时,可利用自然通风降低室内温度以减少空调耗电量。示范工程实测数据表明,夏季和夏秋过渡季的自然通风房间满足舒适的时间比无自然通风房间延长了25.7%,夏季采用夜间通风单日降低空调耗电量可达53.3%,夏秋过渡季采用夜间通风单日降低空调耗电量可达50.4%。

The setting of ventilation rate of residential buildings in Shanghai needs to take into account both summer heat dissipation and winter heat preservation. Taking the indoor basic temperature as an evaluation index,the study on ventilation strategies appropriate for climate characteristics in Shanghai is carried out. The conclusions are obtained as follows: in order to reduce energy consumption throughout the year while meeting comfort requirements,the ventilation rate should be 0.3-0.5 h-1,but corresponding ventilation strategies are needed in spring-summer transition season,summer-autumn transition season and summer. Due to a higher indoor heat storage,ventilation demand in summer-autumn transition season is stronger than that in the springsummer transition season,and it is recommended to strengthen ventilation method during summerautumn transition season. When outdoor temperature in the summer night is within the comfortable range,the indoor temperature can be reduced by natural ventilation,so as to reduce the electricity consumption of air conditioner. The measured data of the demonstration project shows that comfortable period of the room with natural ventilation is longer than that of the room without natural ventilation by 25.7%. The use of night ventilation in summer can reduce the the electricity consumption of air conditioner by up to 53.3% per day,and the use of night ventilation in the summer-autumn transition season can reduce the the electricity consumption of air conditioner by up to 50. 4% per day.