电机定子硅钢片磁致伸缩效应引起的振动

Vibration of a motor stator caused by the magnetostrictive effect of silicon steel sheets

为了研究磁致伸缩效应对电机定子硅钢片的影响,建立磁-机械耦合数值模型,研究了在磁致伸缩作用下电机定子的振动情况,得到电机定子硅钢片的振动主要为供电频率的一倍频与二倍频。设计了一种仿真实验模型,模拟电机中的磁场走向,线圈与无取向硅钢片不接触,这样无取向硅钢片上只存在由变化磁场导致的磁致伸缩力;通过改变硅钢片的位置,分析磁场不同走向下磁致伸缩效应对无取向硅钢片应力特性的影响,得到无取向硅钢片主要振动频率为供电频率的一倍频和二倍频,且硅钢片处于不同位置时影响其振动的主要频率不同;在磁路发生偏转时造成无取向硅钢片在供电频率一倍频处振动明显。同时设计了实验,测量变化磁场下无取向硅钢片上的振动信号,对仿真结果进行验证,与仿真结果相符合。

In order to reveal the magnetostrictive effect of silicon steel sheets on the vibration of a motor stator,a numerical model for the magneto-mechanical coupling vibration of the motor stator under magnetostrictive action was established and solved. It is found that the vibration frequency components of the silicon steel sheets of the motor stator are mainly the power supply frequency as well as its double and multiple frequencies. An experiment model was designed to simulate the magnetic field in the motor. In the experiment device,a coil and a non-oriented silicon steel sheet were set with non-contact arrangement so properly, that the force acting on the steel sheet was only the magnetostrictive force caused by the changing magnetic field. By changing the position of the steel sheet, the magnetostrictive effect of the magnetic field on the stress characteristics of the steel sheet was analyzed. The main vibration frequency components of the steel sheet are the power supply frequency and its double frequency component. Moreover, with the sheet at different locations, the main frequencies that affect the vibration are different. When the magnetic circuit is deflected, the steel sheet vibrates apparently at the power supply frequency. The vibration signals on the steel sheet under the changing magnetic field were appropriately measured. The numerical and experimental results were verified by each other and both are fairly consistent.