河北地区面制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物和玉米赤霉烯酮污染水平调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of deoxynivalenol and its derivatives and zearalenone pollution levels in flour products in Hebei province

目的了解河北地区面制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)及其衍生物3-ADON、15-ADON和玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEN)污染状况。方法对河北地区79份烘烤食品(饼干、面包)、87份生面制品和89份馒头样品进行调查分析。样品经乙腈:水(84:16,V:V)溶液超声离心提取后,通过多功能固相萃取柱进行净化处理,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行检测。结果255份样品中,3A-DON、15A-DON和ZEN检出率均不高;DON检出率较高,共检出阳性样品252份,检出率为98.8%,超标样品10份,超标率为3.9%。4种真菌毒素污染较为严重的样品为饼干样品,其检出率和超标率明显高于其他面制品。结论在面制品中,主要的污染物为DON,污染最严重的样品类别为饼干样品,其污染状况应引起关注。

Objective To investigate the contamination situation of deoxynivalenol(DON)and its derivatives(3-ADON and 15-ADON)and zearalenone(ZEN)in flour products collected from Hebei region.Methods Totally 79 baked foods(biscuits,bread),87 raw flour products and 89 steamed bread samples were investigated.The samples was extracted by ultrasonic centrifugation with acetonitrile:water(84:16,V:V)solution,purified by multi-functional solid phase extraction column,and detected by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Results The detection rates of 3A-DON,15A-DON and ZEN were not high,but DON was higher in 255 samples.DON was detected in 252 samples and the detection rate was 98.8%;10 samples exceeded the standard,and the exceeding standard rate was 3.9%.The detection rate and exceeding standard rate of 4 kinds of mycotoxins in biscuit were significantly higher than those of other flour products.Conclusion In flour products,the main pollutant is DON and the most seriously polluted sample is biscuit sample,which should be paid attention to.