基于文献分析的精准乳腺癌个体化医疗进展研究

Research progress of precision individualized medical treatment of breast cancer based on literature analysis

目的根据近5年乳腺癌精准医学和个体化医学相关文献,分析其国内外研究进展,探究个体化医疗的现状和未来的发展方向,构建以患者为中心的乳腺癌个体化医疗方案。方法抽取万方医学网(限定中国科技核心期刊)和Web of Science两个数据库中的乳腺癌精准相关文献,对其进行统计分析,从年发文趋势、国家、研究机构、国内外热门研究领域与高频关键词分布等角度入手。结果共检索到精准医学相关中文文献3336篇,英文文献20241篇,近5年乳腺癌在精准医学方面的文献呈总体上升趋势;发文量最大的国家为美国(30.4%),其次是中国(24.0%);国内高发文机构为中国科学院系统(295篇/1.415%);研究热点主要表现为通过液体活检和新一代基因测序实现精确诊断,通过靶向用药、精准外科和免疫治疗实现精确治疗。精准医疗更重视“病”的深度特征和“药”的高度精确性,形成高水平医疗技术。结论精准医学是实现个体化医学的基础和必须条件。乳腺癌精准医学的研究以实现个体化医学为目标,以基因测序和靶向药物为基础,结合遗传因素、环境因素、药物反应个体差异,并考虑年轻乳腺癌保乳治疗等复杂议题,因此现代个体化医学应当逐渐形成以患者为中心,了解自身基因,针对性改善外部环境,从而形成个体化治疗和用药的医疗模式,进而预防疾病发生,提高生活质量。但是目前的个体化医学仍面临严峻的挑战,需要我们共同的努力。

Objective To analyze the domestic and foreign research progress of precision medicine and individualized medicine of breast cancer in recent five years,explore the current situation and future development direction of individualized medicine,and construct a patient-centered individualized medical plan for breast cancer.Methods The accurate related literatures of breast cancer in the databases of Wanfang medical network and Web of Science were extracted and statistically analyzed from the perspectives of annual publication trends,countries,research institutions,hot research fields at home and abroad and the distribution of high-frequency keywords.Results A total of 3,336 Chinese and 20,241 English literatures related to precision medicine were retrieved.In the past five years,the literature on precision medicine of breast cancer showed an overall rising trend.The country with the largest number of publications is the United States(30.4%),followed by China(24.0%).Chinese academy of sciences(295 articles/1.415%);The research focuses on accurate diagnosis through liquid biopsy and next-generation gene sequencing,and precise treatment through targeted drugs,precision surgery and immunotherapy.Precision medicine pays more attention to the depth of“disease”and the high accuracy of“medicine”,forming a high-level medical technology.Conclusions Precision medicine is the basis and necessary condition of individualized medicine.Precision medical research of breast cancer in order to realize individualized medicine as the goal,on the basis of gene sequencing and targeted drugs,in combination with genetic factors,environmental factors,drug reaction individual differences,and to consider young complex issues,such as breast cancer confirmed breast,so modern individualized medicine should be gradually formed taking patients as the center,to understand their own genes,targeted to improve the external environment,thus forming individualized drug therapy and medical model,and prevention of disease,improve the quality of life.However,the current personalized medicine still faces severe challenges,which require our joint efforts.