血液肿瘤患者主要照顾者疾病获益感的现象学研究

Phenomenological Study on Benefit Finding Perception of Main Caregivers of Patients with Hematological Tumors

目的探讨血液肿瘤患者主要照顾者疾病获益感,为制定有针对性的、个体化的有效干预措施提供依据。方法采用现象学研究方法,对12名血液肿瘤患者主要照顾者进行半结构式访谈。结果血液肿瘤患者主要照顾者存在疾病获益感,并可归纳为4个主题:人生价值观的改变(感悟生命的意义、接受现实、珍惜当下);应对积极有效(主动学习能力提升、照护能力提升、自我调控能力提升、坚定信心和希望);获益多方支持(家人的支持、同伴及医护人员的支持);健康相关认知行为的改善。结论血液肿瘤患者主要照顾者能够从亲人的患病经历中体验到疾病获益感。医护人员应了解血液肿瘤患者主要照顾者疾病获益感,并对其进行针对性的指导,促进照顾者发现疾病获益感。

Objective To investigate the benefit finding of the main caregivers of patients with hematological tumors,and to provide evidence for formulating targeted and individualized effective interventions.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 primary caregivers of patients with hematological tumors using phenomenological methods. Results The main caregivers of patients with hematological tumors had a sense of disease benefit,which could be summarized into four themes: the change of life values(perceiving the meaning of life,accepting reality and cherishing the present);positive and effective coping strategies(improving active learning ability,caring ability,self-regulation ability,firm confidence and hope);Benefiting from multiple support(family support,peer support and medical staff support);improving health-related cognitive behavior. Conclusion The main caregivers of patients with hematological tumors can experience the disease benefit from their relatives’ illness experience.Medical staff should understand the disease benefit of the main caregivers of patients with hematological tumors,and give them targeted guidance to promote caregivers to find out the benefit finding.