旅游凝视下海岛文化的保护与传承--以庄河市海王九岛与石城岛为例

Protection and Inheritance of Island Culture Under the Tourism Gaze --Haiwang Nine Islands and Shicheng Island as the Case

海岛旅游地作为具有独特地理特征的旅游目的地,备受旅游者青睐.海岛旅游的可持续发展除保护海岛的自然环境外,还应注重海岛文化的保护与传承.对旅游型海岛文化的保护与传承,可从旅游者和岛民2个角度进行,即岛民凝视与旅游者凝视.本文以海王九岛和石城岛为研究区域展开调查:采用实地访谈法,从岛民凝视角度对渔家乐经营人员与其他岛民进行了访谈,调查发现二者都忽视了海岛丰富的传统文化,建议进行文化自省、树立海岛文化自信;采用网络文本分析法,从旅游者凝视的角度对从网络文本挖掘软件中提取的游记高频词进行分析,发现游客更多被海景吸引,而忽视了海王九岛与石城岛深厚的文化底蕴,建议游客将有风景的旅行与有文化的旅行结合起来.岛民和游客都应有针对性地保护与传承海岛文化,以更好地讲述中国传统渔民文化故事.

As tourist destinations with unique geographical features, islands are favored by tourists. In addition to protect the natural resources of the island, the sustainable development of island tourism should be paid attention to the protection and the inheritance of island′s culture. The protection and inheritance of tourist island culture can be carried out from two perspectives of tourists and islanders, namely islander gaze and tourist gaze. Based on the field interviews with the fisher-house enjoyment operators and other islanders in Haiwang Nine Islands and Shicheng Island, it was found that they ignored the traditional culture of the island, and concluded that they should carry out cultural self-examination, and should be confident with the island′s culture. Based on the analysis of high frequency words of travel notes extracted from ROST Content Mining, it was found that seascapes were more attractive to tourists, and concluded that tourists should combine scenic tourism with cultural tourism to better protect and inherit the island culture of Haiwang Nine Islands and Shicheng Island, and to better tell the story of Chinese traditional fishermen′s culture.