不可丢弃的原始性--阿道夫·路斯的装饰观念思辨

Non-disposable Primitiveness:Debate on Adolf Loos’s Concept of Ornament

建筑师阿道夫·路斯的装饰观念对现代建筑产生了重要影响。在路斯的观念中,装饰因为具有原始性而被归为一种原始社会的落后属性,并以此作为现代建筑拒绝装饰的理由。但在建筑的发展过程中,装饰一直以来与建筑都保持着密切的关系。在路斯之外,森佩尔等人也使装饰的定义在悄悄地发生着变化。因此从装饰的原始性出发,对路斯装饰观念的思辨,有助于我们理解装饰从建筑的"补充"到与建筑紧密相关的这一变化,进而阐明装饰如何体现出一种不可丢弃的原始性。

Adolf Loos’s concept of ornament has an important impact on modern architecture.In his concept,ornament was regarded as a backward attribute of primitive society because of its primitive nature,which has become the reason for modern architecture to reject it.In the development process of architecture,however,ornament has always been maintaining a close relationship with architecture.Besides Loos’s point of view,Karl B?tticher and Gottfried Semper also have changed the definition of ornament.Therefore,starting from the primitiveness,the debate on Loos’s conception helps us to understand the change of ornament from"supplement"of architecture to closely related to nature of architecture and illustrate how ornament reflects a kind of primitiveness that cannot be discarded.