学区划分对义务教育均衡发展的影响与地方立法对策

The Influence of School District Division on the Balanced Development of Compulsory Education and Local Legislative Decision

由于城乡教育资源的差别,一些城市优质中小学附近出现了天价学区房现象,这种现象折射出我国基础教育阶段农村教育资源的稀缺性、教育资源配置的不合理性等问题。根据《义务教育法》,为缩小城乡、区域、校际之间教育的差距,避免各种不良的教育资源垄断,大多省、直辖市和自治区都制定了一些学区划分的实施办法来保障义务教育的公平性,促进县域义务教育均衡发展。可关于学区划分的纠纷案件,焦点问题常常集中在这些规范性文件的本身合法性上。为了在城乡之间实现更广范围的义务教育均衡发展,有必要从地方立法的层面强化农村网络教学资源投入等制度保障机制,从线上线下混合教学的发展对策上以破解学区房现象下的教育不公平问题。

Due to the differences between urban and rural education resources,high price school district houses are prevalent around the so-called high-quality primary and secondary schools in some cities,which shows the scarcity of rural education resources in the basic education stage and the unreasonable allocation of rural education resources.According to the“Compulsory Education Law”,in order to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and avoid all kinds of bad monopoly of educational resources,most provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions have formulated some implementation methods of school district division to ensure the fairness of compulsory education and promote the balanced development of county compulsory education.In order to realize the balanced development of compulsory education in a wider range between urban and rural areas,it is necessary to strengthen the system and mechanism of network teaching resources investment from the level of local legislation,and solve the education inequality under the phenomenon of school district housing.