芒市傣族的疾痛认知、传统疗法与文化隐喻

COGNITION OF ILLNESS,TRADITIONAL THERAPY AND CULTURAL METAPHOR OF DAI PEOPLE IN MANGSHI

芒市傣族的疾痛认知及传统疗法与当地丰富的灵魂信仰密切相关,以魂释病是当地民俗医疗中重要的病因解释方式。在当地人的精神世界中,灵魂"内外有别、善恶转换",灵魂在内外和善恶间的转换是导致疾病的重要原因。这种以魂释病的文化现象体现了芒市傣族宗教信仰背后所隐藏的文化隐喻,涉及了分类原则与人际关系,与当地人的内心世界秩序高度统一。这种与当地传统文化息息相关的疾病认知与传统疗法目前仍是当地重要的辅助医疗手段,是用病患的文化信仰来解释疾病、宽慰患者、着重于医心救人的重要心理治疗手段。

Dai people’s cognition of illness and traditional treatments in Mangshi are closely related to the local rich soul beliefs. Explaining the illness with soul reason is an important way to explain the cause in local folk medicine. In the spiritual world of the locals,the soul is "different inside and outside,the conversion of good and evil",and the conversion of the soul between inside and outside and between good and evil is an important cause of illness. This cultural phenomenon that explaining the illness with soul reflects the cultural metaphor hidden behind the religious beliefs of Dai people in Mangshi,it involves the principle of classification and interpersonal relationships,and is highly unified with the inner world order of the local people. This kind of illness cognition and traditional therapy,which are closely related to the local traditional culture,are still important supplementary medical means in Mangshi. This is a nonnegligible psychotherapy method which can explain illness causes and comfort patients with patients’ own cultural beliefs.