论布劳提根诗歌叙事的小说化特征

Understanding the Features of Richard Brautigan’s Novelized Poetic Narrative

美国垮掉派诗人布劳提根具有"诗人―小说家"双重身份。他的诗歌具有鲜明的诗歌叙事的小说化特征。其小说化特征主要借助戏仿和体裁混合,形成对长篇小说的时代性、未完成性、杂语性等重要特征的借鉴和改造。所形成的诗歌叙事新文本包含了时间意识的冲突、塑造具有多种面相又统摄全局的新人物、借用小说结构等小说化特征。布劳提根小说化的诗歌叙事提供了新的诗语陌生化模式,有效扩充了诗歌的容量和可能性,并且还是其所代表的青年群体在那个时代的社会文化心理的反映。它成为布劳提根诗歌能突破"垮掉派"、并在世界范围内取得极大关注的重要原因,也为当下诗歌创作与研究提供新的可能。

Richard Brautigan,the American poet of the Beat Generation,has a dual identity as poet and novelist.His poetry contains the distinctively novelistic features in its poetic narrative with the intent to borrow and renovate some of the key features from full-length novel,such as contemporaneity,incompleteness and multilinguality,mainly through parody and fusion of different genres.The new type of text based on this kind of poetic narrative carries several features of novelization,including the conflict of time consciousness,the portrayal of multi-faced protagonist who controls the entire story,and the adoption of novelistic structures.Brautigan’s novelized poetic narrative provides a new mode of the defamiliarization of poetic language,effectively expands the capacities and possibilities of poetry,and reflects the social and cultural psychology of the youth group well represented by him during that time.It is an important reason not only why Brautigan’s poetry could transcend the Beat Generation movement and gain great attention around the world,but also why it could provide new possibilities for the current poetry writing and research.