加勒比海民族共同体书写--论沃尔科特《又一生》中的民族志叙事

The Writing of the Caribbean Community:Ethnographic Narrative in Walcott’s Another Life

《又一生》是理解圣卢西亚诗人、诺贝尔文学奖获得者德里克·沃尔科特思想与创作的关键性作品。不同于以往其他作家的自传类作品,沃尔科特在这部自传体长诗中,将加勒比海的当地人物形象与青少年时期的自己并置,并与当地的历史、文化等勾连起来,形成加勒比海民族共同体的"整体自我"的民族志叙事模式,呼应了建立整体全貌观的民族志叙事的时代转向。在建构这一主体民族志的过程中,沃尔科特利用西方艺术的表达方式,凸显加勒比海当地景观,重新审视了加勒比海与西方的关系,使得笔下的加勒比海走出了西方的"他者"藩篱,从而实现了加勒比海崭新的民族共同体书写。

Another Life is a key work to understanding St.Lucian Nobel Laureate Derek Walcott’s literary thoughts and writings.Unlike the autobiographical writings by other writers,Walcott in this autobiographical long poem juxtaposes the Caribbean images of local characters with that of himself in adolescence and links all of them in local history and culture to construct a unique mode of ethnographic narrative for the"whole self"of the Caribbean community,which echoes the current transition of ethnographic narrative with a panoramic view.In this process of constructing the collective ethnography,Walcott highlights the local landscape of the Caribbean with the artistic expression from the West,re-examines the relationship between the Caribbean and the West,allows the Caribbean portrayed in his writing to transcend the fence for"the other"installed by the West,hence accomplishing the representation of a brand new Caribbean community of peoples.