杜甫“始客”秦州的身份与心态

The Identity and Mentality of Dufu’s“Staying in Qinzhou as a Guest”

杜甫从华州弃官去秦,是其后半生客居漂泊生涯的开始。"始客"秦州,意味着诗人脱离了朝廷官僚政治体制,"客"的身份表明他没有了为一家生计提供基本支持的俸禄,使其在客秦的数月间,面临一家生计所必须面对的重重困难和战乱不断所带来的安全风险。这种窘况,可能是诗人愤而弃官时并没有完全预料到的,但也正是这段极为艰难的生活及由此产生的复杂心理变化,促进其诗歌创作在思想深度、情感厚度、艺术高度上都上升到了一个新的境界。

Du Fu’s departure from Huazhou to Qin was the beginning of his later half of life as a vagrant."Staying as a guest in Qinzhou"means that the poet is divorced from the bureaucratic political system of the imperial court.The identity of"guest"indicates that he has no salary to provide basic support for a family’s livelihood,which makes him face many difficulties that a family must face and the security risks brought by the continuous wars during the months of his life in Qinzhou.This dilemma may be that the poet did not fully anticipate when he was angry and abandoned the official Of.But it is this extremely difficult life and the complicated psychological changes that promote his poetry creation to a new level in terms of ideological depth,emotional thickness and artistic height.