高龄老年慢性心力衰竭患者在临床表现及危险因素方面的特点探讨

Discussion on the characteristics of clinical manifestations and risk factors of elderly patients with chronic heart failure

目的研究高龄老年慢性心力衰竭患者在临床表现及危险因素方面的特点。方法 100例高龄老年慢性心力衰竭患者,按照年龄分为老年组(60~79岁, 65例)与高龄组(≥80岁, 35例)。对比两组基础病;疾病诱;临床症状;并发疾病。结果高龄组冠心病占比37.14%、高血压占比37.14%、退行性心脏瓣膜病占比37.14%与老年组的63.08%、18.46%、10.77%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄组呼吸道感染占比42.86%、劳累占比8.57%、情绪激动占比8.57%、输液快占比20.00%、心绞痛发作占比2.86%、无明显诱因占比11.43%与老年组的23.08%、26.15%、26.15%、6.15%、20.00%、1.54%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄组纳差占比62.86%、乏力占比80.00%、精神障碍占比11.43%与老年组的41.54%、60.00%、1.54%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄组贫血占比20.00%、低蛋白血症占比37.14%、深静脉血栓占比14.29%与老年组的6.15%、13.85%、1.54%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高龄老年患者和普通老年患者相比,在慢性心力衰竭的临床表现、危险因素方面,具有一定的差异,在临床上要注意观察和区分,采取针对性的措施治疗,以保证患者的安全。

Objective To study the characteristics of clinical manifestations and risk factors of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with chronic heart failure were divided into elderly group(60-79 years old, 65 cases) and senior group(≥80 years old, 35 cases) according to age. The basic etiology, predisposing factors, clinical symptoms and concurrent diseases were compared between the two groups. Results The proportion of coronary heart disease, hypertension and degenerative heart valve disease of the senior group were 37.14%, 37.14% and 37.14%, which had statistically significant difference compared with those of the elderly group 63.08%, 18.46% and 10.77%(P<0.05). The proportion of respiratory infection, fatigue, emotional agitation, fast infusion, angina attacks and without obvious incentives of senior group were 42.86%, 8.57%, 8.57%, 20.00%, 2.86% and 11.43%, which had statistically significant difference compared with those of the elderly group 23.08%, 26.15%, 26.15%, 6.15%, 20.00% and 1.54%(P<0.05). The proportion of poor appetite, fatigue, mental disorders of senior group were 62.86%, 80.00% and 11.43%, which had statistically significant difference compared with those of the elderly group 41.54%, 60.00% and 1.54%(P<0.05). The proportion of anemia, hypoproteinemia and deep vein thrombosis of senior group were 20.00%, 37.14% and 14.29%, which had statistically significant difference compared with those of the elderly group 6.15%, 13.85% and 1.54%(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with ordinary elderly patients, senior patients have certain differences in the clinical manifestations and risk factors of chronic heart failure. In the clinic, attention should be paid to observation and differentiation, and targeted measures should be taken to ensure the safety of patients.