Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金半固态成形的研究现状与应用

Research Status and Application of Semi-solid Forming of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy

半固态成形技术为实现Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系高强铝合金"以铸代锻"的目标提供了有效途径。主要综述了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金半固态制浆与成形技术、半固态成形合金的成分调控、微观组织结构与性能等方面的研究现状与进展,同时结合笔者所在学术团队的研究经历,对半固态成形件的组织和性能进行了简要分析。详细综述了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金半固态制浆和成形方法,着重介绍了环缝式电磁搅拌技术、蛇形通道浇注法及复合式半固态成形技术。进而综述了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu半固态成形合金的成分及微观组织结构调控方面的研究进展,介绍了合金成分调控及热处理工艺优化对性能的积极影响,分析比较了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金半固态成形后的微观组织和力学性能的研究现状。最后,对该成形方向的研究和应用现状进行了总结,分析了其需要解决的主要问题,并对其发展方向进行了展望。

Semi-solid forming technology provides an effective way to achieve the goal of casting instead of forging for Al-Zn-Mg-Cu high strength aluminum alloys. In this paper, the research status and progress of semi-solid pulping and forming technology, composition control of semi-solid forming alloy, microstructure and properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy were reviewed. At the same time, the microstructure and properties of semi-solid forming parts were briefly analyzed based on the research experience of the academic team of the author. In this paper, the semi-solid pulping and forming methods of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy were reviewed in detail, with the emphasis on the technology of electromagnetic stirring, serpentine channel casting and composite semi-solid forming. Furthermore, the research progress of composition and microstructure control of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu semi-solid forming alloy was reviewed. The positive effects of composition control and heat treatment process optimization on properties were introduced. The research status of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy after semi-solid forming was analyzed and compared. Finally, the research and application status of the forming direction were summarized, the main problems to be solved were analyzed, and the development direction was prospected.