失灵与矫治:我国政府绩效“第三方”评估的效能评估

Failure and Correction: Effectiveness Evaluation of “Third-party” Evaluation of Government Performance in China

李克强总理多次强调,第三方评估是本届政府创新管理方式的重要措施,是政府治理现代化的杠杆。然而我国实施的各类政府绩效第三方评估却出现了诸多失灵现象,以至于它被认为成了"官员违法乱纪的‘保护伞’"。要解决失灵问题,就需要有评判政府绩效第三方评估效能的标准,通过科学方法的逐步统计筛选,即可获得一套包括专业性、独立性、科学性、公正性、公开性、权威性、实效性等指标的第三方评估效能评估标准体系。从使用该标准体系对我国已结项的21个政府绩效第三方评估案例的效能实证评估结果来看,目前我国政府绩效第三方评估基本合格,但在独立性、群众认可度等方面存在着"局部失灵"。未来需要从制定相关法律法规确定第三方评估的法定地位,减少对第三方评估的干预,鼓励和发展专业评估组织,提高第三方评估机构的专业性和公信力等方面来解决第三方评估失灵问题。

Premier Li Keqiang has repeatedly stressed that the third-party evaluation is an important measure for government to innovate management methods and a lever to modernize the government governance. However, there are many failures in the third-party evaluation of government performance implemented in China, which leads to the public’s misunderstanding that it is an"umbrella"for officials to violate laws and disciplines. In order to solve the problem of the failure, it is necessary to have criteria for judging the effectiveness of the third-party evaluation of government performance. Firstly, this paper provides a set of indicators including professional, independent, scientific, fair, open, authoritative, and effective indicators to evaluate the thirdparty evaluation of government performance, and then the indicators have been used to assess the 21 cases of third-party government performance in China. The results show that the third-party evaluation of government performance in China is basically qualified, but there is"partial failure"in independence, public recognition and other aspects. In the future, it is necessary to solve the problem of third-party evaluation failure by formulating relevant laws and regulations to determine the legal status of third-party evaluation, reducing the intervention in third-party evaluation, encouraging and developing professional evaluation organizations, and improving the professionalism and credibility of third-party evaluation institutions.