1996~2013年广州市工业的空间分异及其演化机制

The spatial differentiation of industry and its evolution mechanism in Guangzhou during1996-2013

在推进粤港澳大湾区一体化建设的战略背景下,研究广州工业的空间演变历程与机制,对预判工业演变趋势、调整产业结构、优化工业空间布局、集约节约利用土地有重要意义。利用2008年和2013年广州经济普查工业数据,以区县为单位,使用因子生态分析法提取影响工业空间分异的主因子,划分工业类型区;再与1996年和2001年的工业空间分异对比,总结1996~2013年广州市工业的空间分异与演进机制。研究结果表明:1)广州市工业类型区表现出主城工业区衰退、综合工业区缓慢分化、专业工业区向外围转移以及乡村工业区完全转化的特征;2)广州工业空间分异过程表现为生产要素逐步撤出的旧城工业区衰败模式、资本支撑的主城工业区存续模式、产业升级的近郊先发工业区持续进化模式、路径依赖的外围综合工业区缓慢演化模式以及大型项目带动的远郊新兴工业区跳跃演化模式;3)行政因素、市场因素和工业基础共同构成广州工业空间分异的影响机制。

The industrial spatial differentiation of Guangzhou is analyzed based on the data of surveys of economy in 2008 and 2013,by using factor analysis and clustering analysis. Then the results are compared with previous findings based on similar data in 1996,2001,and 2004,in order to derive the evolution process and mechanism of the industry in Guangzhou. The results show that:1)The industry in Guagnzhou showed progresive decline of main urban industrial areas,sluggish differentiation of comprehensive industrial areas,transfer to periphery of special industrial areas,and the upgrading transformation of rural industrial areas. 2)There are five kinds of patterns of the industrial space differentiation process in Guangzhou,which are the declining pattern of the old industrial areas with production factors evacuating,the preserving pattern of the central industrial areas with capital support,the sustained development pattern of the suburban advanced industrial areas with industrial upgrading,the slack pattern of the peripheral comprehensive industrial areas with path dependence,the saltatory pattern of the outer suburban emerging industrial areas relying on large projects. 3)The administrative mechanism,market mechanism and industrial base together contribute to the differentiation patterns in Guangzhou.