我国北方四省市306例雀斑患者临床流行病学分析

Clinical Epidemiological Analysis of 306 Cases of Freckles in Four Cities of Northern China

目的:探讨我国四省市雀斑患者的临床流行病学特征。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月1日-2018年12月31日我国四省市皮肤科门诊诊治的306例雀斑患者的社会人口学特征、表型、家族聚集性等特点。结果:306例雀斑患者中,平均首次发病年龄(10.23±5.76)岁,72.22%(221/306)的患者有雀斑家族遗传史。先证者的家系中患有雀斑的男女比例为1:1.26。有家族史者发病年龄早于无家族史者。不同地区间的首次发病年龄、表型无统计学差异,病情加重季节主要为夏季,日光暴露为雀斑加重的主要诱因。结论:环境与遗传因素在雀斑的发生和发展中起重要作用,目前女性雀斑患者对治疗具有显著的迫切性。

Objective To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics of patients with freckles in four cities of China.Methods A retrospective analysis was done by collecting the clinical and epidemilolgical data of 306 patients with freckles in four cities of China from January 1st,2018 to December 31st,2018.EpiData 3.1 and SPSS 22.0 statistical softwares were used for data analysis.Results Among the 306 patients,the total average age of first onset was(10.23±5.76)years old.And 72.22%(221/306)of patients have a family genetic history.The gender ratio of relatives with freckles is 1:1.26.The age at onset was younger in patients with family history than in those without.There was no statistical difference in the age of first onset and phenotype between different regions.The exacerbation of freckles was often occurred in summer,and sunlight exposure was the main cause of the aggravation of freckles.Conclusion Environment and genotypes may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of freckles.Currently female freckle patients have a more significant urgency for treatment.