全口义齿与种植覆盖义齿修复牙列缺失的效果比较分析

Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Complete Denture and Implant-supported Overdenture in Repairing Missing Dentition

目的:探讨全口义齿和种植覆盖义齿修复对牙列缺失患者咀嚼功能、固位功能和美观舒适度评分的影响。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月-2018年7月笔者科室收治的34例种植覆盖义齿修复牙列缺失患者(观察组)的临床资料,并选取同期收治的34例常规全口义齿修复作为对照组。观察组采用种植覆盖义齿修复法,对照组采用常规全口义齿修复法。随访6个月,比较两组短期固位情况、牙槽嵴吸收情况、患者主观满意度[口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14)]、美观度和舒适度。结果:①两组短期固位情况对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);②观察组前牙区、后牙区牙槽嵴吸收均低于对照组(P<0.05);③两组OHIP-14得分对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);④观察组美观度高于对照组(P<0.05),两组舒适度对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:全口义齿和种植覆盖义齿修复短期固位情况、咀嚼功能及舒适度均良好,但种植覆盖义齿具有美观度更高、牙槽嵴吸收更少的优势。

Objective To explore the effects of complete denture and implant-supported overdenture on masticatory function,retention function and aesthetic comfort score in patients with dentition defect.Methods The clinical data of 34 patients with dentition defect of implant-supported overdenture restoration (observation group) admitted from January 2015 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.34 cases with conventional complete denture restoration at the same time period were selected as control group.Observation group was given implant-supported overdenture restoration method,and control group was given conventional complete denture restoration method.After 6 months of follow-up,the short-term retention,alveolar ridge absorption,patient subjective satisfaction [Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14)],aesthetic degree and comfort were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the short-term retention between the two groups (P>0.05).The alveolar ridge absorption in anterior teeth region and posterior teeth region in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the OHIP-14 score between the two groups (P>0.05).The aesthetic degree in observation group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the comfort between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Complete denture and implant-supported overdenture restoration both have good short-term retention,masticatory function and comfort,but implant-supported overdenture has the advantages of higher aesthetic degree and less alveolar ridge absorption.