新生儿致病菌分布特征以及药敏情况分析

Distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in neonates

目的探讨本院新生儿病区新生儿感染的病原菌分布特点及耐药情况分析,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2015年1月1日至2019年12月31日本院新生儿病区新生儿细菌感染的患儿细菌培养和药敏试验结果,对其病原菌的分布情况及耐药性进行分析。结果共统计到3750株病原菌,其中阳性菌占33.5%,阴性菌占66.5%,前5位病原菌分别为:肺炎克雷伯菌1025株,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌632株,大肠埃希菌622株,金黄色葡萄球菌295株,嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌183株。结论以肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌为代表的革兰阴性细菌是新生儿细菌感染的主要致病菌,超过50.0%的肠杆菌科细菌产ESBL,不受保护的内酰胺类抗生素不适合用于新生儿细菌感染经验性治疗。

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of neonatal infection at the neonatal ward of our hospital,and to provide references for rational use of antibiotics in clinic.Methods The results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test of neonatal bacterial infection in the neonatal ward of our hospital between January 1,2015 and December 31,2019 were analyzed;and the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria were analyzed.Results A total of 3750 strains of pathogenic bacteria were collected;among which,Gram positive bacteria accounted for 33.5%,and Gram negative bacteria 66.5%.The top 5 pathogenic bacteria were klebsiella pneumoniae(1025 strains),coagulase-negative staphylococcus aureus(632 strains),Escherichia coli(622 strains),staphylococcus aureus(295 strains),and maltophobia(183 strains).Conclusion Gram negative bacteria represented by klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are the dominant pathogens of neonatal bacterial infection,and more than 50%of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria produce ESBL,so unprotected lactam antibiotics are not suitable for empirical treatment of neonates with bacterial infection.