基于联络通道缓解高速列车在长大隧道的压力波波动

REDUCING PRESSURE WAVE FLUCTUATION OF HIGH-SPEED TRAIN IN LONG TUNNEL BASED ON CONNECTED AISLE

为了减缓高速列车通过隧道引起的压力波动对列车运行的影响,基于列车空气动力学研究了高速列车通过带有联络通道的隧道时的压力波特性。建立了3节编组高速列车数值仿真计算模型,基于三维、非定常、可压缩Navier-Stokes方程以及k-ε两方程湍流模型和滑移网格技术,数值模拟了高速列车通过联络通道隧道的气动特性,主要考虑设置联络通道后,联络通道面积、列车运行速度和不同通道间距对隧道压力波动的影响。研究结果表明:列车通过设有联络通道的隧道相比于无联络通道隧道的气动特性得到明显改善;通道对初始压力上升与下降抑制效果更加明显,对膨胀波的抑制更为突出;列车运行速度越高,通道面积越大,压力波回落越明显;联络通道的设置使压力波波形呈现局部锯齿状。提出了列车通过隧道时压力峰值的快速计算公式。

In order to reduce the impact of pressure fluctuation caused by the high-speed train passing through a tunnel on the train operation,the pressure wave characteristics of a high-speed train passing through a tunnel with a communication channel are studied based on train aerodynamics.A numerical simulation model for a highspeed train composed of three cars was established.Based on a three-dimensional,unsteady,compressible NavierStokes equation and k-εtwo-equation turbulence model and slip grid technology,the aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train passing through a tunnel with a connected aisle were numerically simulated.The results shown that:the aerodynamic characteristics of the train passing through a tunnel with a connected aisle were much better than that passing through a tunnel without a connected aisle;the connected aisle had more obvious effect on the initial pressure rise and fall,and the suppression of the expansion wave was more prominent;the higher the train speed is,the larger the channel area is,and the more obvious the pressure wave falls back;the setting of the contact channel makes the pressure wave waveform show a local jagged shape.A fast formula for calculating the pressure peak of a train passing through a tunnel is also proposed.