深海自持式剖面浮标浮力变化规律

Buoyancy change rule of deep-sea autonomous profiling float

为了分析海水温度、盐度、压力等环境参量对深海自持式剖面浮标净浮力的影响规律,以自主研发的4 000 m水深自持式智能浮标"浮星1号"为研究对象,建立理论模型,得到浮标整体变形量随压力、温度的变化规律.通过压载试验及海上试验,验证了仿真模型预测结果的准确性和可靠性,得到浮标运动过程中的体积及浮力变化规律.研究结果表明:温度对浮标体积的影响主要体现在较浅深度范围内,压力对浮标体积的影响随水深基本呈线性规律变化;浮标净浮力随着水深的增加呈非线性规律增加,在较浅深度的情况下,净浮力变化量主要受温度的影响,在较大深度的情况下,净浮力变化量主要受压力的影响;至4 000 Pa,浮标体积收缩总量为818 mL,净浮力增量等效质量为463 g.

The simulation model was established and the change rule of the overall deformation with pressure and temperature was obtained by taking the self-developed deep-sea autonomous profiling float "Fuxing-1" with the working depth 4 000 m as the research object in order to analyze the influence law of seawater temperature, salinity,pressure and other environmental parameters on the net buoyancy of deep-sea autonomous profiling float. The accuracy and reliability of the simulation model were verified by ballast test and sea test, and the change rules of volume and buoyancy were obtained during the movement of float. Results show that the effect of temperature on the volume of float mainly reflects in the shallow depth range, while the effect of pressure basically changes linearly with the depth. The net buoyancy of the float increases nonlinearly with the increases of depth. In the case of shallow depth, the change of net buoyancy is mainly affected by temperature, while in the case of large depth, the change is mainly affected by pressure. To 4 000 Pa, the total volume shrinkage of the float is 818 mL and the equal mass of net buoyancy increment is 463 g.