液泡膜Na^+/H^+逆向转运蛋白研究进展

Research Progress of Na^+/H^+ Antiporter in Vacuolar Membranes

土壤盐渍化是造成全世界农作物减产的主要非生物胁迫因素之一,盐渍化土壤中过多的Na^+是使植物生长受到抑制的主要阳离子。植物细胞中的液泡膜Na^+/H^+逆向转运蛋白(NHX)是应对盐胁迫的一种重要离子转运蛋白,盐胁迫下NHX可以调控植物体内的离子稳态平衡及细胞内的pH,对提高植物耐盐性具有非常重要的作用。简要概述了近年来液泡膜Na^+/H^+逆向转运蛋白的亚细胞定位与结构特点、主要生理功能及其与植物耐盐性关系等方面的研究进展,以期为相关研究提供参考。

Soil salinization is one of the main abiotic stress factors that cause crop yield reduction in the world.Excessive Na^+in salinized soil is the main cation that inhibits plant growth.The vacuolar membrane Na^+/H^+antiporter(NHX)in plant cells is an important ion transporter in response to salt stress.Under salt stress,NHX can regulate the homeostasis balance of ions in plants and the pH in cells,which plays a very important role in improving plant salt tolerance.This paper briefly summarized the research about the subcellular localization and structural characteristics,main physiological functions and relationship with plant salt tolerance of the vacuolar membrane Na^+/H^+antiporter in recent years,which may provide a reference for related research.