论《民法典》中侵权责任规范的新发展

On the New Developments of Tort Liability Norms in Civil Code

民法中的侵权责任规范集中体现在《中华人民共和国民法典》侵权责任编之中。侵权责任编继受了《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》的主要内容,但在体系构造、制度设置、规则整合上都有新的发展。在体系构造上,体现了体系定位的双重性和规范设置的合理性。在制度设置上,体现了诸多中国本土化特点,如不承担责任和减轻责任情形的两分化、惩罚性赔偿制度的特定化、环境污染和生态破坏责任的复合性等。在规则整合上,对原有规则既有非实质性改变,也有实质性改变。

The tort liability norms in civil law are mainly in Tort Liability Part of Civil Code.Tort Liability Part inherited the main contents of Tort Liability Law,but it has new developments in system construction,system setting and rule integration.In terms of system construction,it reflects the duality of system positioning and the rationality of norm setting.In terms of system setting,it reflects many Chinese characteristics,such as the dichotomy of not taking responsibility and reducing responsibility,the specialization of punitive damages,and the compound nature of environmental pollution and ecological damage liability.In terms of rule integration,there are both insubstantial changes and substantial changes to the original rules.