叶圣陶“读整本书”教学理论体系及现实意义

Ye Shengtao’s Teaching Theory System of “Reading the Whole Book” and its Practical Significance

叶圣陶"读整本书"教学理论体系,立足中国传统语文教育,以培养学生阅读习惯和欣赏能力为目标,以"古书""文学名著""经典"融合的典范作品为教材,以"精读"或"略读"为方式,进行了课程规划、教材编写、教法指导、资源配置、教学评价等方面的系统阐释。该体系是传统教育与现代教育共同作用的结果,在当下的信息时代具有重要的现实意义。它能够从宏观的角度,为构建人类命运共同体和落实立德树人根本任务提供实施路径;从中观的角度,为建设全学科阅读课程提供参照体系;从微观的角度,为语文教学从"文本解读"走向"语言实践"提供理论支撑。"读整本书"教学理论体系对学校教育聚焦育人目标、设计整体课程、转变教学方式都有启示作用。

Ye Shengtao’s teaching theory system of "reading the whole book" is based on the traditional Chinese education. Aiming at cultivating students’ reading habits and appreciation ability, taking the "ancient books", "literature works" and "masterpiece" as teaching materials, and "intensive reading" or "skimming reading" as teaching methods, he has carried out curriculum planning, textbook compilation, teaching method guidance, resource allocation and teaching evaluation. This system is the result of the interaction of traditional education and modern education, and it still has important practical significance in the current information era. From the macro point of view, it can provide the implementation path for the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind and the implementation of the fundamental task of building people through virtue. From the normal point of view, it can provide a reference system for the construction of the whole subject reading course. From the micro perspective, it can provide theoretical support for Chinese teaching from "text interpretation" to "language practice". It can be used as an inspiration for school education to focus on education objectives, design overall courses and change teaching methods.