如何提升课堂的思维品质:迈向论证式教学

How to Improve the Quality of Thinking in the Classroom: Towards Argumentation-Based Teaching

传统课堂教学简单易行,且利于知识传递但不利于提升学生的思维品质,项目式学习可以发展学生的推理能力但耗时较多且需要较高的物质条件,因而难以实施。论证式教学兼具两者之美而无二者之弊。本文在考察现代论证的概念及其在教育实践应用的基础上,分析了论证的教育价值,构建了一个基于不同学习阶段的论证式教学模式,并指出论证式教学不仅有利于培养高阶思维能力,也有利于培养新时代所需要的论证能力。在全球化的大竞争时代,提升论证能力就是提升国家的竞争力和创新力,迈向论证式教学因此是我国课堂改革必要且关键的一步。

Direct instruction is simple to implement and efficient in knowledge transmission, but not effective in improving students’ thinking skills. Project-based learning helps develop students’ reasoning skills, but it takes time and requires resources and conditions. Argumentation-based teaching combines the advantages of both methods without their disadvantages. Based on the discussion of modern argumentation theory and its application in educational practice, the educational value of argumentation is analyzed. An argumentation-based learning-phrases-oriented model is examined. The method is beneficial to not only the development of high-order thinking skills but also the cultivation of argumentative competence that the new era requires. In the context of global competition, Improving argumentative competence enhances the country’s competitiveness and innovation. Moving towards argumentation-based teaching is a necessary and critical step in transforming classroom teaching practice.