不同单糖组成的低聚糖对人肠道菌群的调节作用

Modulation of Oligosaccharides with Different Monosaccharide Composition on the Human Gut Microbiota

目的:通过高通量测序技术研究不同单糖组成的低聚糖对人肠道菌群的调节作用。方法:以人结肠内菌群为研究对象,采用人体胃、肠道模拟系统,比较研究了分别由葡萄糖、半乳糖和甘露糖构成的聚葡萄糖、聚半乳糖和聚甘露糖对人肠道菌群的调节以及被微生物代谢产生短链脂肪酸的情况。结果:3种聚糖分别被肠道微生物代谢产生短链脂肪酸,其中聚半乳糖代谢产生的短链脂肪酸含量最高,聚葡萄糖次之,聚甘露糖产生短链脂肪酸的量最少。由半乳糖构成的聚半乳糖更有利于代谢产生的乙酸和丙酸,抑制有害菌布劳特氏菌属和多雷亚菌属。由葡萄糖构成聚葡萄糖更有利代谢产丁酸和戊酸,抑制柯林斯菌属生长,促进双歧杆菌属、副拟杆菌属和链球菌属增殖。由甘露糖构成的聚甘露糖更有利于抑制瘤胃球菌属的生长。结论:3种聚糖均可调节肠道菌群,被肠道微生物发酵产生短链脂肪酸,促进有益菌增殖,抑制有害菌生长。

Objective:In this study,we use high-throughput sequencing to investigate the regulation of oligosaccharides with different monosaccharide composition on the human gut microbiota.Methods:Simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem was used to study the modulation of polydextrose,polygalactose and polymannose on gut microbiota from human feces.After 0-,12-and 24-hours in vitro fermentation,gut microbiota was obtained for composition analysis by 16 S rRNA genes sequencing,and the supernatant was separated for short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) analysis.Results:Polygalactosel(PGal) produced the most amounts of SCFAs in all three oligosaccharides,followed by Polydextrose(PDX),and Polymannose(PMan) coming in third.PGal consisted of galactose is more beneficial to the production of acetic acid and propionic acid,and inhibit the growing of harmful bacteria Blautia and Dorea.PDX consisted of glucose is more beneficial to the production of butyric acid and valeric acid,inhibit the growing of harmful bacterial Collinsella,and promote in the proliferation of Bifidobacterium,Parabacteroides and Streptococcus.PMan consist of mannose inhibit the growth of Ruminococcus.Conclusion:All three oligosaccharides could modulate gut microbiota and produce SCFAs.Further promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria.