新时代农村金融的发展环境变化、市场功能修复与政策取向研究

A Study on Changes in the Development Environment,Market Function Recovery and Policy Orientation of Rural Finance in the New Era

当前我国农村金融体系固有的供需失衡矛盾并没有得到根本化解,市场失灵和政策偏差问题依然并存。随着乡村振兴战略与新型城镇化战略协同推进、三次产业深度融合、金融科技快速迭代、农村金融需求主体结构不断优化、农业产业组织形式与生产方式快速变革,我国农村金融发展环境与功能定位发生了深刻变化。新时代新环境为农村金融市场功能的修复提供了全新条件,为破解供需失衡矛盾提供了新契机,但必要的制度与政策供给仍然十分重要。农村经济社会发展环境的深刻变化决定农村金融研究视角不能再仅定位于供给端的重构、改进方面,也不能试图通过单纯体制机制改革、制度建设等举措破除所有矛盾,而应在准确把握新时代农村金融发展环境与形势变动趋势基础上,在市场自发功能修复与政府规制有机结合上寻求农村金融发展的战略取向。

The contradiction between supply and demand inherent in China’s rural financial system has not been fundamentally solved, and the problems of market failure and policy bias still exist side by side. With the synergy of the rural revitalization strategy and the new urbanization strategy, the deep integration of the three industries, the rapid iteration of financial technology, the continuous optimization of the main structure of rural financial demand, and the rapid change in the form of agricultural industry organization and production methods, China’s rural financial development environment and functional positioning have undergone profound changes. The new environment of the new era provides new conditions for the recovery of rural financial market functions and new opportunities for breaking the imbalance between supply and demand, but the necessary systems and policies are still essential. We, therefore, believe that the profound changes in the rural economic and social development environment have determined that the perspective of rural financial research should no longer be confined to the reconstruction and improvement of the supply side. Additionally, it should not attempt to break down all contradictions through simple institutional reform and system construction. Instead, it should seek a strategic approach to rural financial development based on an accurate grasp of the changing trends in the rural financial development environment and situation in the new era and an organic combination of the spontaneous functional recovery of the market and government regulation.