智慧城市背景下居民自治的发展困境与法律应对

Development Dilemmas and Legal Responses to Resident Autonomy in the Context of Smart Cities

智慧城市建设进程中,在智能技术的加持和利益相关性增强等因素的影响下,城市社区居民自治呈现出民主参与度显著提高、居民话语权重新分配、社区多元利益格局加速形成等新样态。智慧城市背景下居民自治的发展面临三重困境:一是相关立法滞后于智慧城市建设,居民身份认定标准不一、民主参与和监督机制缺失以及法律法规适用范围不清;二是社区居民利益共识与价值共识达成的难题和空间分异的风险;三是重"管控"、重"维稳"、重"数据"的网格化管理与居民自治发展的失衡。智慧城市居民自治的现实困境向社区自治法治化建设提出了具体要求。应当以"维权"和"善治"为价值取向,通过权利保障精细化、协商自治制度化和监督机制具体化完善社区居民自治制度,为基层自治的良性运行提供法律支撑。

Under the influence of intelligent technology and enhanced relevance of interests in the process ofsmart city construction, the autonomy of urban community residents has shown a significant increase in demo-cratic participation, redistribution of residents’ voice, and accelerated formation of a pluralistic community in-terest pattern. The development of resident autonomy in the context of smart cities faces a threefold dilemma:first, the relevant legislation lagging behind the construction of smart cities, with inconsistent criteria for identi-fying residents, lack of democratic participation and monitoring mechanisms, and unclear scope of applicationof laws and regulations;second, the difficulty of reaching consensus on the interests and values of communityresidents and the risk of spatial divergence;third, the imbalance between grid management, which focuses on"control","stability"and"data", and the development of resident autonomy. The practical dilemma of the au-tonomy of the residents of smart cities puts forward specific requirements for the construction of the rule of lawfor community autonomy. The value orientation should be"defense of rights"and"good governance", and theautonomy system of community residents should be refined through the refinement of rights protection, the in-stitutionalization of consultative autonomy and the concretization of monitoring mechanisms, to provide legalsupport for the regular operation of grass-roots autonomy.