光丝耦合及工艺参数对激光填丝熔覆层成形特征的影响

Effects of optical coupling and parameters on the forming characteristics of laser wire filler cladding layer

基于激光填丝熔覆不同工艺参数对Q235钢熔覆层成形的影响,通过高速摄像系统拍摄了不同工艺参数下丝材的熔入过程,并分析了熔覆层形貌及横截面,得出了丝材与激光斑点相对位置、激光功率、熔覆速度和送丝速度对熔覆层成形的影响。结果表明:(1)丝材与激光斑点相对位置是影响丝材熔入行为和熔覆层成形好坏的关键因素。当采用前置送丝,激光束与丝材部分重叠,送丝角度介于40°~70°时,熔覆过程稳定且成形最好。(2)激光功率增大时,熔池尺寸增大,熔覆层宽度增加,余高减小。熔覆速度变大时,熔池凝固速度变快,从而使液桥变窄,熔覆层宽度和熔深减小、余高增大。送丝速度增大时,熔覆层熔深减小、余高增大。

Based on the effects of different technological parameters of laser wire filler cladding on the forming of Q235 steel cladding layer,the melting processes of filler wire under different parameters are recorded by high speed photography system,the morphology and cross section of the cladding layer are analyzed,and the effects of the relative position of the filler wire and laser spot,laser power,cladding rate and wire feed rate on the forming of cladding layer are obtained. The result shows that:(1) the relative position of the filler wire and laser spot is the key factor affecting the melting behavior of filler wire and the forming quality of the cladding layer. When using the pre-wire feed,the laser beam overlaps partially with the filler wire,and the wire feed angle is between 40° and 70°,the cladding process is stable and the forming is the best.(2) When the laser power increases,the size of the molten pool and the width of the cladding layer increase,the reinforcement reduces. When the cladding rate increases,the solidification rate of the molten pool increases,which narrows the bridge,and the width and penetration of cladding layer reduce,the reinforcement increases. When the wire feed rate increases,the penetration of cladding layer reduces and the reinforcement increases.