水下激光加工技术在核电维修领域的应用现状及发展

Application of underwater laser processing technology in nuclear power plant maintenance

核能是一种安全、清洁、高效的能源,发展核电将成为未来世界电力发展的主要趋势。核电站关键设备及堆内构件在长期运行于高放射性高温环境后,需进行检修及退役处理,为降低检测和维修人员受辐照的风险,相关检修工作需要在水下进行。水下激光加工由于具有热输入低、作用位置精确、可远程传输的特点,在核电领域具有广阔的应用前景。概述了水下激光焊接、冲击强化、切割等水下激光加工技术的原理及国内外研究现状,重点介绍了激光加工技术在核电水下维修领域的应用现状,同时对该技术的发展趋势进行了探讨。

As a safe,clean and efficient energy source,the development of nuclear power will be the main trend of power development in the future. Key components and reactor internals of nuclear power plants need to be repaired and decommissioned after long-term operation in a high-radiation and high-temperature environment. To reduce the hazards of nuclear radiation on the operator,repair work needs to be carried out underwater. Underwater laser processing technology has broad application prospects in the field of nuclear power due to the characteristics of low heat input,precise acting position,and long-distance transmission. In this article,it summarized the principle and research status of underwater laser processing technology,such as underwater laser welding,peening,cutting,mainly introduced the application of underwater laser processing technology in nuclear power plant maintenance,it also pointed out the future development trend and key research directions of underwater laser processing technology.